José Apolinário Teixeira

About

I am José A. Apolinário Teixeira. I was born and raised in Pedras Salgadas, Portugal. I live and work in Turku at Åbo Akademi University, Finland. I have a dual technical and management background (i.e., I studied in both computer science and management departments). I worked across some firms in the high-tech sector (e.g., Wipro, Sonae, Nokia) in different roles such as analyst, software developer, and project manager. I also worked or visited many universities across the world (e.g., Carnegie Mellon University, University of Bologna, Aalto University, LUT University, Minho University, and Limerick University among others). So far I worked within Software Engineering, Information Systems, Information Science and Business research units. I am able to employ both the managerial and the technical perspectives to real-world management and strategy problems that deal with the production of software. I try to engage with practitioners as much as possible.

I am generally interested in information systems, information studies, network science and the production of large software ecosystems. More specifically, I am interested in open-source software, open-source AI, coopetition strategy, open-coopetition (a term I coined myself), software startups, software ecosystems, business ecosystems, R&D management, network theory, network analysis and the information behaviour of both software developers and sports athletes. I am a father of two. In my free time, I practice basketball and callisthenics. I also do some woodworking and some skiing during the wintertime. In the summer, I turn to outdoor activities (e.g., orienteering, gardening and camping). I love cycling as well. I cycle almost every day to work besides the cold Finnish winters. Welcome to my research website. If you are interested in software ecosystems, social networks, coopetition or open-source software, you should take a look at my publications.

CV & Publications

Projects

Here I describe the projects I have been working over the last years thanks to external funding.

• The Impact of Information Literacy in the Digital Workplace - Funded by the Academy of Finland to study the impact of information literacy skills in the workplace.
• Open Coopetition in the OpenStack project - Funded by several Portuguese and Finnish foundations for understanding cooperation among competitiors in the OpenStack cloud computing open-source project.
• Open Coopetition in the WebKit project - Funded by several Portuguese and Finnish foundations for understanding cooperation among competitiors in the WebKit web browsing open-source project.
• Understanding opportunity-based entrepreneurship among refugees - Funded by Kulturfonden to understand how some refugees manage to create business ventures after a very challenging and adverse period of being a refugee fleeing war to Finland.
• Prediction of venture capital investments in open-source startups - Funded by ÅA and EIT Digital to predict venture capital investments in open-source startups using mining of software repositories, social network analysis and machine learning.
• Investigating strategy as announced vs. the actual work ‐ Lessons from large industrial open‐source software ecosystems - Funded by Liikesivistysrahasto (i.e. the Finnish Foundation for Economic Education). Juxtaposing what firms announce as their strategy vs. what software developers do in practice. Done in the context of large open-source software ecosystems involving large firms.
• Release Early, Release Often and Release on Time - Funded by Liikesivistysrahasto (i.e. the Finnish Foundation for Economic Education). Making sense of release management in large open-source software ecosystems involving hundreds of firms and thousands of developers. Lessons learned from the OpenStack and WebKit software ecosystems.

I am also looking for project partners and funding for the following projects. Let me know if you are interested in joining my research efforts.

• How virtual communities split - Understanding how virtual communities split by looking at open-source software forks, network science, anthropology and comparative religion.
• Open Coopetition in the Automotive Grade Linux project - Understanding cooperation among competitors in the Automative Grade Linux project.
• Open Coopetition in the TensorFlow Project - Understanding cooperation among competitors in the co-production of the TensorFlow platform for AI and Machine Learning.
• Open Coopetition in the Koha Library Integrated System - Understanding the international co-creation of the Koha Integrated Library system.
• RightFoodBot - Wikipedia bot that checks the correct translation of allergenic food, fish and mushrooms across multiple languages on Wikipedia. Making sure that tourists and migrants have the correct translation of diverse food items can lead to hospitalization or even worse consequences.
• Investing homophily and possible discrimination on Airbnb - Multi-method investigation on (1) who stays with who on AirBNB, and (2) who does not want to host with who on AirBNB. Use of Social Network Analysis and Qualitative Methods.
• The rise of electric individual transportation devices - Understanding the regulatory evolution of national and regional policy on e-scooters and other electric individual transportation devices.
• Reducing the waste of used books - Unfortunately most of the used physical books discarded by Finnish libraries ends up in garbage, dumps or are recycled abroad. Economic factors inhibit the recycling of books in Finland. We must develop automation technology and new business arrangements to recycle the paper of used books within Finland.
• Better electronic medical referrals - Use of Machine Learning technologies and electronic referral non-clinical meta-data to improve communication between primary care physicians (PCPs) and specialists.
• Open Coopetition in the Automotive Industry - Understanding Why and How auto-makers cooperate with competitors in the co-production of open-source software ecosystems that power modern cars. All using qualitative methods and mining software repositories with social network analysis. Looking at Automotive Grade Linux and three other open-source projects powering the car industry.
• Investigating Strategy, Diversity and Multiplexity in Open and Coopetitive Software Ecosystems - Understanding How firms and individuals balance cooperation with competition within the joint production of open-source software ecosystems – all towards the further theorizing of the "open-coopetition" phenomena. Rated by the Research Council of Finland's (RCF) as excellent but not funded yet.

Datasets

I tend to work by open, transparent, and inclusive manners. You are welcome to use the following archived data-sets that I have been collecting:

• AutoGradeLinuxSNA - Quantitative, qualitative and relational (i.e., social network) data on who works with who in the co-production of the Automotive Grade Linux (AGL). Networks modelled across multiple software layers.
• TensorFlowSNA - Quantitative, qualitative and relational (i.e., social network) data on who works with who in the co-production of TensorFlow platform for Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence.
• KohaSNA Qualitative and relational (i.e., social network) data on who works with who in the co-production of Koha open-source library integrated system.
• OpenStackSNA - a relational (i.e., social network) data on who works with who in the OpenStack project that was obtained by mining the OpenStack Nova repository.
• Release management at OpenStack - Contains natural occurring qualitative documentation from the OpenStack project to study how the release management practices of the OpenStack project evolved over time.
• WebKitSNA - a relational (i.e., social network) data on who works with who in the WebKit project that was obtained by mining several of the WebKit Subversion repositories.

Scientific Software

As a computational social scientist, I developed software that helped me collect, analyse, and organize research data. I also developed tools specific to LaTex biber/biblatex writing workflows and customized the impress.js web-based framework for academic presentations. You are welcome to use or further develop such software. Join my projects on GitHub.

• ScrapLogGit2Net - Python scripts that mines Git repositories to obtain "source-code file co-editing social networks" (among software developers). INPUT: a git repository. OUTPUT: Social networks in the UCINet, GraphML and Pakek formats. Extracts both developers' networks and inter-organizational networks.

  Hosted on GitHub at https://github.com/jaateixeira/ScrapLogGit2Net.

• impress-academic.js - Collection of styles (css) and scripts (js) to make academic presentation with impress.js - a tool developed by Bartek Szopka (@bartaz), Henrik Ingo (@henrikingo) and 70+ other contributors that allows stunning presentations in a web page using modern web-browsers supporting CSS3.

  Hosted on GitHub at https://github.com/jaateixeira/impress-academic.js.

  For examples of some of my presentation powered by impress-academic.js and impress.js see:

  • ↦ Perspectives on the leadership of digital transformation and change - My trial lecture on for a tenured position at Åbo Akademi University.
  • ↦ Open-Coopetitionin the Automobile Industry - My presentation at the ICIS 2023 conference.
  • ↦ Network Science, Homophily and Who Reviews Who in the Linux Kernel? - My presentation at the ECIS 2020 conference.

• MSoOHC - Automates key steps in organizational network analysis by analyzing formal hierarchies (from .png organizational charts). So they can be compared with informal knowledge flows within social networks. INPUT: a .png figure with a organizational chart. OUTPUT:A JSON file with AI interpretation of where actors are positioned on the image (on a two-dimentional plan x,y).

  Implemented using a hybrid AI/ML approach:

  • 🖼️ Computer Vision Detection: Precise box/position detection using OpenCV
  • ✍️ Text Recognition: Accurate text extraction using LLaVA

  Hosted on GitHub at https://github.com/jaateixeira/MSoOHC.

• arXivIt - Pre-processes a LaTeX working paper directory for archival at arXiv.org. It automates the process of validating, cleaning, and packaging your project into a .tar file that complies with arXiv's strict requirements.

  Hosted on GitHub at https://github.com/jaateixeira/arXivIt.

• vc2sng visually compare 2 social network graphs - Given two social network graphs (passed as arguments in the GraphML format), cv2sng visually and quantitatively compares them. If you use diff to compare two text documents, then use cv2sng to compare two network graphs.

  Hosted on GitHub at https://github.com/jaateixeira/vc2sng.

• NameIt A software tool that renames research articles in pdf files in a standardised way. Based on the pdf metadata and on the content of the document first page, it renames the file with author, year, title, publication, and publisher. It tries to figure out how to name an article by (1) querying the Crossref API, (2) looking for possible pdf metadata (3) analysing how the article first page looks by using the LayoutLMv3 pre-trained multimodal Transformer AI/ML model.

  Hosted on GitHub at https://github.com/jaateixeira/nameit.

• OSBBBS - One Steep Back Before Submitting ... your paper to a publisher. The osbbs script automates some of the common old-school requests commonly asked by editorial offices that do not make much sense for LaTeX submissions but can be easily automated and done in seconds (e.g., put footnotes at the end, and all figures in separate files). A simple step back before submitting your article to a journal that does not welcome good-looking, latex-produced, publication-ready submissions.

  Hosted on GitHub at https://github.com/jaateixeira/osbbs.

• bib2ge0net From a given list of references (.bib format), extracts a geographical collaboration map. If the entry have a DOI, it uses DOI REST API from http://www.crossref.org to programmatic access information about affiliation. If the entry does not have a doi, it will look for the affiliation key. Based on the geopy, networkx, matplotlib and mpl_toolkits python libraries.

  Hosted on GitHub at https://github.com/jaateixeira/bib2ge0net.

I sometimes also test and suggest features to the git2net and the Tulip projects as I used those open-source software projects on my research.

Prizes and Awards

My academic career is not so long as I passed many years in the Industry. Anyway, I got some awards and scholarships as listed here:

• Kulturfonden (Understanding opportunity-based entrepreneurship among refugees)
• Liikesivistysrahasto (grant 190390)
• Liikesivistysrahasto (grant 190391)
• ÅAU post-doc (prediction of venture capital investments in open-source startups)
• EIT Digital (prediction of venture capital investments in open-source startups)
• Liikesivistysrahasto (grant 170388)
• Liikesivistysrahasto (grant 170387)
• ISPMA fellowship (the co-evolution of software ecosystems)
• Best paper award at ICSOB 2017
• Runner-up for the best paper award at IFIP WG 2.13 OSS 2017
• Liikesivistysrahasto (grant 8-4499)
• JTAER (the best reviewer of the year 2015)
• EIT Digital (exploring the social structure behind open-innovations)
• KAUTE Foundation (tutkijat maailmalle visiting scholar grant)
• Nordic Startup awards (BoostTurku - best business accelerator 2015)
• Runner-up for the best paper award at ACM SIGMIS CPR 2014
• Liikesivistysrahasto (grant 5-3076)
• Marcus Wallenberg Säätiö (open-coopetition R&D management strategy)
• Liikesivistysrahasto (grant 32061)
• Liikesivistysrahasto (grant 42467)
• Liikesivistysrahasto (open-source platform-based strategies)
• Liikesivistysrahasto (grant 31815)
• Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (grant SFRHBD615612009)

Academic Teaching Courses

By the end of my Licentiate studies in Computer Networks and Distributed Systems Engineering, I assisted in the teaching of programming to first year students at a computer science department (in C and Haskell). However, most of my teaching at Universities happened after my time in the industry. My teaching concentrated mostly at the beginning of my Doctoral Studies in Information Systems before being able to secure funds for full time research and more recently in the position of University Lecturer in Åbo Akademi.

Courses I taught to Master and Bachelor students include:

• Information Retrieval [2025] at Åbo Akademi
• Managing Information Services [2023-2025] at Åbo Akademi → Course syllabus
• Master’s seminars in Government of Digitalization [2022-2025] Åbo Akademi
• Information & Knowledge Management [2022-2024] at Åbo Akademi → Course syllabus
• Information Behaviour I [2021-2025] at Åbo Akademi → Course syllabus
• Information Behaviour II [2021-2025] at Åbo Akademi
• User-Centered Design [2017] at Åbo Akademi
• The Next Generation of the Web [2016] at University of Oulu
• Software business [2015] at Turku School of Economics
• Digital business [2014] at Turku School of Economics
• IT infrastructures [2013] at Turku School of Economics
• Writing and formatting thesis” [2010-2011] at Turku School of Economics
• Management of IS projects” [2009-2012] at Turku School of Economics

I am familiar with teaching and training in a variety of environments that can range from a computer lab, a electronics lab, a classroom with a few or an auditorium with hundreds of students. I am confortable with face-to-face, hybrid or virtual settings. I am proud of my teaching evaluation reports given by students (I made the most recent ones publicly available here). They evidence that I take my teaching duties seriously and students appreciate my extra efforts.

Shorter courses I taught to doctoral students include:

• Social Network Analysis - Theory, Methods, Tools, and Applications;
• Academic publishing in Open Access;
• Organizing literature, references, and citations;
• Discussing theoretical contributions in research articles and research proposals;
• Writing collaborative research articles and research proposals with Latex and Git;
• Funding session for doctoral candidates;

Industrial Training and Consulting

It happens both ways. I often invite guest-lectures from the industry to the University. Sometimes, is the other way around, and I visit the industry to provide training and expert consulting. More often, I talk about open-source software development, coopetition strategy and open-coopetition (i.e. collaboration among competitors in an open-source way), and social network analytics (i.e., methods and tools for analysing evolving social networks). Domain knowledge is narrow and so far limited to the IT industry, Telco, Automotive, AeroSpacial, Retail and Medical Information industries. Recent talks and expert assignments include:

• Using social network analysis to evaluate health and fairness of open-source software ecosystems.
• Open-coopetition in the automotive industry.
• Applications of Network Science in the retail industry.
• Applications of Network Science fpr organizational analysis in the transportation sector .
• Applications of Network Science in fraud detection in banking and insurance industries.
• Open-source eletronic medical platforms. The case of VistA (USA) and Orca (Japan).
• Mitigating the risks of cooperating with competitiors in an open-source way.
• Introduction to the theoretical foundations of network science.
• Applications of Network Science to optimize information flows in transport infrastructures (metro + flight control)

Societal Impact

When working as software developer, analyst or project manager it not so hard to mention some of my societal impact. However, when working as a researcher is harder to pinpoint societal impact.

• If you fly a modern Airbus aircraft, you will most probably flying an aircraft controlled by software tested by model-driven testing technologies developed during the EU ModelWare project. A project where I had small contribution, while working for Enabler (Sonae Group) after studying computer science subjects at Universidade do Porto. A modest contribution but a contribution.
• Then, if you do some shopping at Tesco Central Europe retail hyper-markets, you might note that they are running the Oracle Retail ERP system. I helped deploying it in Hungary, Poland, Slovakia, and Czechia as a consultant of Enabler (now Wipro). A modest contribution but a contribution.
• Then, at Nokia things got much more interesting with high-tech product development. My work and my code are deployed in the first so-called "Internet tablets" N770, N800 and N810. I also player a more managerial role in the development of the N900 and N9 smartphones before Nokia turned to Miscrosoft and I turned to academia. I took part in the efforts of Nokia on developing the Maemo and MeeGo mobile platforms by open-source manners before Google Android even existed. My efforts were mostly centered on the automation of testing while advocating for open-sourcing, test driven development and agile methods in the production of a mobile platform. Those were the most interesting open-source software projects I have worked on so far. A modest contribution but a contribution.
• If you have a modern Samsung TV with Tizen on it (most of them nowadays), or drive the most recent and expensive models of Toyota, Mazda, or Mercedez-Benz with a good infotainment system, chances are that you are using the same open-source technologies that once powered Nokia Maemo and MeeGo devices. My contributions range from continuous automated user-interface testing (bots) and the security architecture model.
• Then, in academia, I enhanced the theoretical body of knowledge on open-source and coopetition so that organizations (such as Nokia) can better consider, value and manage the co-production of open-source platforms and ecosystems with others (supliers, partners, complementors, competitors, users and crowds among others). I coined the term ’open-coopetition’ with my then colleague and co-author Lin Tingting to better highlight the value that can be derived by cooperating with competitors in an open-source way.
• Also, during my early years in academia, I supported the entrepreneurship ambitions of students and young scholars as an active member and elected board member of BoostTurku. As a volunteer, I ran the "Teck Tuesdays", and helped raise funds and support the startup accelerator program. Activities that boosted and extended my personal networks well beyond academia.
• Expanded the domains of research in Information Behaviour, Information Sharing and Information Literacy to the realm of open-source software. To my view open-source communities are pioneers on developing digital products by digital collaborative means (i.e., digitalization champions).
• Finally, I play a role in bringing people from Industry to University and the other way around. A modest contribution but a contribution that sometimes leads to interesting collaborative projects that lead to the co-creation of new products and services, or more simply optimize operations.